What is a heart stent?
Cardiac stent is a common medical instrument in cardiac interventional surgery.It is a hollow, cylindrical and reticular metal tube, about 2-4 mm in diameter and several centimeters in length.The main material is stainless steel, nickel titanium alloy or cobalt chromium alloy. The main function of cardiac stent is to place it at the blockage of blood vessels and stretch them to ensure the normal circulation of blood.
Types of cardiac stents.
1. Traditional stent, that is pure metal mesh tube. For the human body, the stent is a foreign body, which will lead to vascular endothelial cell proliferation and inflammatory reaction. The probability of restenosis or blockage after dredging is as high as 30%, so this kind of stent is gradually withdrawn from the market.
2. Drug eluting stent, that is coating the metal stent with anticancer drugs.Anticancer drugs can inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and reduce the incidence of restenosis or occlusion to 10%. Now most stents are drug stents.
Side effects of cardiac stents
Cardiac stent implantation is not once and for all, it is just an emergency means to let patients get rid of the threat of death temporarily.If you think that everything will be all right as long as you have a stent implantation, then you are very wrong.Cardiac stents will bring a lot of unpredictable harm.
1. Blood vessels are more likely to be blocked
Stent is a hard foreign body to the body. If it is placed in the blood vessel, it will cause damage to the intima of the blood vessel. The damaged place is prone to inflammatory reaction. Platelets gather here, which is easy to form thrombosis and plaque. Therefore, the place where stent is placed is more likely to be blocked.
2. Long term use of anticoagulant drugs greatly increases the risk of bleeding.
Blood vessel blockage is mostly caused by thrombosis, and thrombosis is the result of blood coagulation.In order not to block the blood vessels again, we need to inhibit the coagulation function of the blood, so we need to take aspirin and other anticoagulants for a long time. Anticoagulant drugs are easy to cause bleeding, including gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, conjunctival bleeding, blood in urine and so on. In addition to bleeding, the use of anticoagulants can also cause hepatitis, dyspepsia, dizziness, headache and other adverse reactions.
Do you want a bracket?
Not every patient with coronary heart disease is suitable for the use of cardiac stents, and about 20% of patients really need interventional therapy.According to experts, stent implantation is the most effective method for the treatment of insufficient blood supply caused by cardiovascular stenosis at present. After coronary angiography, it is determined that patients with more than 75% of vascular stenosis blockage are prone to myocardial infarction or old myocardial infarction. Patients aged between 35 and 65 are suitable for stent implantation.
This kind of coronary heart disease patients will suffer from perennial drug abuse, but more dangerous is the possibility of sudden myocardial infarction, if blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids can not be well controlled, once the vascular stenosis is completely blocked, it is very likely to threaten the lives of patients. After stent implantation, it is necessary to take medicine for a long time according to the doctor's advice,and regularly review blood pressure, blood lipid and blood glucose.
How long is the life span after cardiac stent implantation?
How long can patients live after the stent is different from person to person. Some people live only a few months, while others live decades.Therefore, the disease lies not only in treatment, but also in prevention. After putting the stent, we just get rid of the risk of death temporarily. The next step is to actively prevent it. The development of good living habits, adherence to antiplatelet drugs and statins, regular follow-up and other measures may affect the life of patients.
