产生消费异化的原因是多方面的。首先，人对欲望无止境的追逐是产生消费异化的内在因素。其次，不合理的制度体系是产生消费异化的外在条件，如等级制度等等。再次，消费品的不断增长是产生消费异化的诱导条件。所以，解决消费异化问题必须综合治理。
二是消费的外部性。有些产品在消费时，总是会产生一定的外部性。外部性有正负之分。正的外部性是一种积极作用，负的外部性是一种消极作用。如吸烟，就具有极大的负外部性。再比如对电脑的消费，它既给人带来了便利和快捷，也会对人产生一些不好的作用，如利用不当，就会对身体有一定损害，容易造成网瘾等等。消费的积极作用带给人的是快乐，而消费的消极作用带给人的就是痛苦。伴随着人类的消费活动，消费的消极作用总是不可避免的。所以，人类的消费，既是一种快乐，也是一种痛苦。
三是信息的不对称。消费信息不对称也是造成消费痛苦的一个重要因素。对消费者而言，信息不对称加重了消费者进行选择的时间和心理成本，这实质就是一种消费痛苦。对生产者而言，信息不对称使生产者容易对消费者进行不利引导；但当消费者明白情况后，又会产生一种被蒙骗的痛苦。
四是消费的付出。消费是交换的结果，而交换就需付出。人人都希望成为免费乘车者，但天下免费的事情毕竟是很少的。凡事有得必有失。对消费者而言，得就是快乐，失就是一种痛苦。
五是过度消费。在理论上，可以假定消费者按照完全理性进行决策；但在现实世界，消费者的决策并不总是完全理性的。消费者并不是完全按照边际收益等于边际成本的原则进行决策。这种情况导致人们在增加商品消费量的同时，有可能会导致总效用水平的减少，这时就出现过度消费。在商品丰裕时，人们常常存在着消费过度现象，导致总效用水平下降。丰裕社会中的“富贵病”反映的就是这种情况。
注释：
[1][美] 凡勃伦．有闲阶级论[M]．北京：商务印书馆，1983:77.
[2]Seema Naayar. Inconspicuous Consumption. American Demographics[J]. April 2002: 5.
[3][美] 罗伯特·弗兰克．奢侈病[M]．蔡曙光，张杰译．北京：中国友谊出版公司，2002:77.
[4][美]弗洛姆:《在幻想锁链的彼岸》,湖南人民出版社1986年版,第174页。
Consumption Function：My point of view
Song Guiwu
Department Economics of Gansu Provincial Party School
Abstract: The author believes that all direct actions to increase the utility of consumption can be an area. The new consumption function should reflect the following characteristics: First, the material should not only focus on income factors, but also pay attention to psychological factors impact on consumption. Second is the understanding of life, not only to consider the situation in this world, but also consider the situation in the future. Third, the inpidual consumer preferences not only to consider the same situation, but also take into account changing circumstances. In addition, the author also believes that the so-called "Kuznets anti-theory" is rooted in the law of diminishing marginal utility of time at different intervals have different effects on consumption and role. In the short term, the law of diminishing marginal utility of consumption function has a greater role, but in the long run, the law of diminishing marginal utility of consumption function, the impact is limited. Therefore, the short-term consumption function will reflect the role of the law of diminishing marginal utility, the average propensity to consume is likely to be decreasing; but the long-term consumption function to reflect the law of diminishing marginal utility is not obvious, the average propensity to consume is likely to be stable.
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